Mitochondrial DNA studies have discovered a close ancestral link between Berbers and the Saami of Scandinavia. [107] Both the agriculture and fishing industries are expected to be severely impacted by climate change.[108]. [122][124], On 20 May 2015, less than a year after its inception, the Higher Council for Education, Training and Scientific Research presented a report to the king offering a Vision for Education in Morocco 2015–2030. Interest groups that formed among these elements continually pressured France to increase its control over Morocco – a control which was also made necessary by the continuous wars among Moroccan tribes, part of which had taken sides with the French since the beginning of the conquest. Its leading institutions include Mohammed V University in Rabat, the country's largest university, with branches in Casablanca and Fès; the Hassan II Agriculture and Veterinary Institute in Rabat, which conducts leading social science research in addition to its agricultural specialties; and Al-Akhawayn University in Ifrane, the first English-language university in Northwest Africa,[186] inaugurated in 1995 with contributions from Saudi Arabia and the United States. Morocco also produces a significant amount of illicit hashish, much of which is shipped to Western Europe. / Marokko", Mawazine — The binding of cultures, the channeling of acceptance, National Library of the Kingdom of Morocco, An unrecognised or partially-recognised nation, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rabat&oldid=1005584369, Populated places established in the 3rd century BC, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2020, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Rabat, Modern Capital and Historic City: a Shared Heritage, This page was last edited on 8 February 2021, at 12:24. [147][148] The country's distinctive group of Moroccan Arabic dialects is referred to as Darija. He convinced the Awraba Berber tribes to break their allegiance to the distant Abbasid caliphs in Baghdad and he founded the Idrisid dynasty in 788. [193] The Moroccan Plan was started by the Moroccan Minister of Health, Dr. El Houssaine Louardi, and Dr. Ala Alwan, WHO Regional Director for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, on 13 November 2013 in Rabat. These small enclaves on the Mediterranean coast are surrounded by Morocco and have been administered by Spain for centuries. [65] The other two primary predators of northern Africa, the Atlas bear and Barbary leopard, are now extinct and critically endangered, respectively. Some bought up large amounts of the rich agricultural land, others organised the exploitation and modernisation of mines and harbours. Popular Western forms of music are becoming increasingly popular in Morocco, such as fusion, rock, country, metal and, in particular, hip hop. In 2011, the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and New Technologies created a Moroccan Club of Innovation, in partnership with the Moroccan Office of Industrial and Commercial Property. The following decade saw much wrangling over a proposed referendum on the future of the territory but the deadlock was not broken. The southeasternmost portions of Morocco are very hot, and include portions of the Sahara Desert, where vast swathes of sand dunes and rocky plains are dotted with lush oases. [149], French is widely used in governmental institutions, media, mid-size and large companies, international commerce with French-speaking countries, and often in international diplomacy. Art and music festivals take place throughout the country during the summer months, among them the World Sacred Music Festival at Fès. [28] Twenty-two thousand years ago, the pre-existing Aterian culture was succeeded by the Iberomaurusian culture, which shared similarities with Iberian cultures. Moroccan and Algerian troops soon clashed in Western Sahara. The most notable violence occurred in Oujda where Moroccans attacked French and other European residents in the streets. [190] In data from the World Bank, Morocco experiences high infant mortality rates at 20 deaths per 1,000 births (2017)[191] and high maternal mortality rates at 121 deaths per 100,000 births (2015).[192]. Capital of Morocco. Several divisions of Moroccan soldiers (Goumiers or regular troops and officers) served in the French army in both World War I and World War II, and in the Spanish Nationalist Army in the Spanish Civil War and after (Regulares). Workshops are available for teaching dances and other arts. Morocco has been accused of detaining Sahrawi pro-independence activists as prisoners of conscience. Political reforms in the 1990s resulted in the establishment of a bicameral legislature in 1997 and Morocco's first opposition-led government came to power in 1998. This despite predictions from sources including the World Bank that the COVID-19 pandemic would cause global remittances to decrease 20 percent “due to a fall in the wages and employment of migrant workers, who tendContinue reading → Rugby came to Morocco in the early 20th century, mainly by the French who occupied the country. Clue. During the 2011–2012 Moroccan protests, thousands of people rallied in Rabat and other cities calling for political reform and a new constitution curbing the powers of the king. The third generation is that of writers of the sixties. The earliest known independent Moroccan state was the Berber kingdom of Mauretania, under King Baga. Islamic literature, such as Quranic exegeses and other religious works such as Qadi Ayyad's Al-Shifa were influential. Morocco later became a realm of the Northwest African civilisation of ancient Carthage, and part of the Carthaginian empire. Licensed under CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0. In the 530s, the Eastern Roman Empire, under Byzantine control, re-established direct imperial rule of Septum and Tingi, fortified Tingis, and erected a church. [64], The Barbary lion, hunted to extinction in the wild, was a subspecies native to Morocco and is a national emblem. In 1884, Spain created a protectorate in the coastal areas of Morocco. Erstklassige Nachrichtenbilder in hoher Auflösung bei Getty Images Moroccan literature then flourished with writers such as Mohamed Choukri, Driss Chraïbi, Mohamed Zafzaf and Driss El Khouri. The authorities continue to prosecute both printed and online media which criticizes the government or the king (or the royal family). The services sector accounts for just over half of GDP and industry, made up of mining, construction and manufacturing, is an additional quarter. Morocco unveiled an autonomy blueprint for Western Sahara to the United Nations in 2007. The indigenous Berber tribes adopted Islam, but retained their customary laws. The reign of Ahmad al-Mansur brought new wealth and prestige to the Sultanate, and a large expedition to West Africa inflicted a crushing defeat on the Songhay Empire in 1591. Most Europeans visit between April and August. Morocco deported hundreds of the illegal migrants. [122][123], As of 2015, Morocco had three technoparks. 'place the sun sets; the west'; Standard Moroccan Tamazight: ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, romanized: lmeɣrib), officially the Kingdom of Morocco (Arabic: المملكة المغربية‎, romanized: al-mamlaka al-maḡribiyya, lit. Due to Morocco's proximity to the Sahara desert and the North Sea of the Atlantic Ocean, two phenomena occur to influence the regional seasonal temperatures, either by raising temperatures by 7–8 degrees Celsius when sirocco blows from the east creating heatwaves, or by lowering temperatures by 7–8 degrees Celsius when cold damp air blows from the northwest, creating a coldwave or cold spell. [141] The number of the Moroccans who converted to Christianity (most of them secret worshippers) are estimated between 8,000 and 50,000. Approximately 89.8% of the whole population can communicate to some degree in Moroccan Arabic. The country's strategic location near the mouth of the Mediterranean eventually attracted the interest of European powers: In 1912, Morocco was divided into French and Spanish protectorates, with an international zone in Tangier. Morocco and the Polisario Front held UN-sponsored talks in New York City but failed to come to any agreement. Rabat, capital of Morocco - Chinese translation – Linguee [157] The Moroccan National Theatre (founded 1956) offers regular productions of Moroccan and French dramatic works. To learn how to add open license text to Wikipedia articles, please see this how-to page. [184] In September 2006, UNESCO awarded Morocco amongst other countries such as Cuba, Pakistan, India and Turkey the "UNESCO 2006 Literacy Prize".[185]. Cloud forests can be found in the west of the Rif Mountains and Middle Atlas Mountains. Roberts, Priscilla H. and Richard S. Roberts, Leyre Gil Perdomingo and Jaime Otero Roth (2008). [168] These mostly rural regions are marked by numerous kasbahs (fortresses) and ksour (fortified villages) shaped by local geography and social structures, of which one of the most famous is Ait Benhaddou. It was built in 1983 and is the home ground of ASFAR (football club). [102] Morocco's relatively high number of tourists has been aided by its location—Morocco is close to Europe and attracts visitors to its beaches. France's exile of Sultan Mohammed V in 1953 to Madagascar and his replacement by the unpopular Mohammed Ben Aarafa sparked active opposition to the French and Spanish protectorates. Both reforms improved access to high-quality care. The country's diverse geography and long history, marked by successive waves of settlers through both migration and military conquest, are all reflected in its architecture. It is named after Prince Moulay Abdellah. The Rabat-Salé tramway is a tram system which was put into service on May 23, 2011 in the Moroccan cities of Rabat and Salé. The Western Sahara War saw the Polisario Front, the Sahrawi rebel national liberation movement, battling both Morocco and Mauritania between 1976 and a ceasefire in 1991 that is still in effect. The penalty can be from one month to five years, with fines ranging from $200 to $1,000. [89] There are also persistent allegations of violence against both Sahrawi pro-independence and pro-Polisario demonstrators[90] in Western Sahara; a disputed territory which is occupied by and considered by Morocco as part of its Southern Provinces. Cinema in Morocco has a long history, stretching back over a century to the filming of Le chevrier Marocain ("The Moroccan Goatherd") by Louis Lumière in 1897. The Rif mountains stretch over the region bordering the Mediterranean from the north-west to the north-east. visit the tanneries Chaouara, Qaraouiyine mosque, and more tourist attractions. A big part of the daily meal is bread. [73] This has improved since, however, and in 2017, Morocco was upgraded to being a "hybrid regime" according to the Democracy Index in 2017[citation needed] and the Freedom of the Press report in 2017 found that Morocco was "partly free".[74]. Hundreds took part in a trade union rally in Casablanca in May 2012. Run a search … They also paid taxes and tribute to the new Muslim administration. Morocco has more than four dozen universities, institutes of higher learning, and polytechnics dispersed at urban centres throughout the country. [25]. Rabat is accessible by train through the ONCF system and by plane through the nearby Rabat–Salé Airport. capital of Morocco prijevod u rječniku engleski - hrvatski u Glosbe, online rječnik, besplatno. Located along the Atlantic Ocean, Rabat has a mild, temperate climate, shifting from cool in winter to warm days in the summer months. The residents are predominantly upper middle class); Hay Riad (affluent villas; this neighbourhood has experienced a surge of momentum since the 2000s); and Souissi (residential neighborhood). However, health expenditure per capita (PPP) has steadily increased since 2000. [177] The cuisine of Morocco is mainly a fusion of Moorish, European and Mediterranean cuisines. Thus, it is the largest employer in the country. [113] However, as forecasts indicate that energy requirements in Morocco will rise 6% per year between 2012 and 2050,[114] a new law passed encouraging Moroccans to look for ways to diversify the energy supply, including more renewable resources. A genre known as Contemporary Andalusian Music and art is the brainchild of Morisco visual artist/composer/oudist Tarik Banzi, founder of the Al-Andalus Ensemble. The Iberomaurusian culture was succeeded by the Beaker culture in Morocco. Morocco was the first country in the world to recognise US sovereignty (in 1777). They range from private companies in the largest city, Casablanca, the capital, Rabat, Pregledaj milijunima riječi i fraza na svim jezicima. [119] In addition to that, Morocco is a transit point for cocaine from South America destined for Western Europe.[120]. The Muslim conquest of the Maghreb, which started in the middle of the 7th century, was achieved by the Umayyad Caliphate early into the following century. [78] France and Spain remain the primary trade partners, as well as the primary creditors and foreign investors in Morocco. As Europe industrialised, Northwest Africa was increasingly prized for its potential for colonisation. [195] In 2016 the life expectancy at birth was 74.3, or 73.3 for men and 75.4 for women, and there were 6.3 physicians and 8.9 nurses and midwives per 10,000 inhabitants. Morocco is a developing country that has made many strides to improve these categories. No problem at all! Capital of Morocco is a crossword puzzle clue. The ruins of the unfinished mosque, along with the Hassan Tower, still stand today. A month later Spain forsook its protectorate in Northern Morocco to the new state but kept its two coastal enclaves (Ceuta and Melilla) on the Mediterranean coast which dated from earlier conquests. It was inaugurated in 2018 by the King following over a decade of planning and construction by Moroccan national railway company ONCF. In 1968, the first Mediterranean Film Festival was held in Tangier. These locations have excellent walking and trekking opportunities from late March to mid-November. Chicken is also very commonly used in Tagines, knowing that one of the most famous tagine is the Tagine of Chicken, potatoes and olives. The Moroccan government has launched a project to build a solar thermal energy power plant[115] and is also looking into the use of natural gas as a potential source of revenue for Morocco's government. Fighting between the Moroccan military and Polisario forces continued for many years. With the 2011 constitutional reforms, the King of Morocco retains less executive powers whereas those of the prime minister have been enlarged.[75][76]. Inspired designs on t-shirts, posters, stickers, home decor, and more by independent artists and designers from around the world. [91], Homosexual acts as well as pre-marital sex are illegal in Morocco, and can be punishable by six months to three years of imprisonment. This gives Morocco the best infrastructure rankings in the African continent. [136] Other large communities can be found in Italy, Canada, the United States, and Israel, where Moroccan Jews are thought to constitute the second biggest Jewish ethnic subgroup. The synonyms have been arranged depending on the number of charachters so that they're easy to find. [10] turned Rabat's ribat into a full-scale fortress to use as a launching point for attacks on Iberia. In its current incarnation, the event is held in Tetouan. Mohammed VI paid a controversial visit to the Western Sahara in 2002. It is served not only at mealtimes but all through the day, and it is especially a drink of hospitality, commonly served whenever there are guests. In July 2011, the King won a landslide victory in a referendum on a reformed constitution he had proposed to placate the Arab Spring protests. Chaabi ("popular") is a music consisting of numerous varieties which are descended from the multifarious forms of Moroccan folk music. Mawazine is a music festival in Rabat welcomed by Mohammed VI King of Morocco, that started in 2001 where music groups, fans and spectators come together in a week-long celebration of culture and music both locally and internationally. It is used mostly for football matches, and it can also stage athletics. On the outskirts of Souissi, are a number of less-dense regions mainly comprising large private houses to areas that seem out of the city.[18]. The second reform created a fund to cover services for the poor. Saïd Aouita won the 5000 metres at the same games. Gratis Versand durch Amazon schon ab einem Bestellwert von 29€. The following year, Spanish King Juan Carlos I visited Ceuta and Melilla, further angering Morocco which demanded control of the enclaves. Bei Getty Images finden Sie erstklassige Bilder in hoher Auflösung. Morocco was one of the continent's pioneers in basketball as it established one of Africa's first competitive leagues. [116], Since the 7th century, Cannabis has been cultivated in the Rif Region. Under the Saadi dynasty, the country ended the Aviz dynasty of Portugal at the Battle of Alcácer Quibir in 1578. Summer nights are usually pleasant and cool, ranging between 11 °C (51.8 °F) and 19 °C (66.2 °F) and rarely exceeding 20 °C (68.0 °F). Morocco held its first general elections in 1963. Other important Moroccan authors include, Abdellatif Laabi, Abdelkrim Ghallab, Fouad Laroui, Mohammed Berrada and Leila Abouzeid. In the valleys, fertile soils and high precipitation allow for the growth of thick and lush forests. King Hassan II died in 1999 and was succeeded by his son, Mohammed VI. The French established a protectorate over Morocco in 1912 and made Rabat its administrative center. [193] Morocco has made significant progress in reducing deaths among both children and mothers. This river marina is paved with famous historical sites like the esplanade of the Hassan Tower and the picturesque Chellah necropolis, which has witnessed many Mediterranean civilizations pass by. Since 2008 it is host of the Meeting International Mohammed VI d'Athlétisme de Rabat. Since 1993, the country has followed a policy of privatisation of certain economic sectors which used to be in the hands of the government. The English name "Morocco" is an anglicisation of the Spanish name for the country, "Marruecos". [40] With his Jaysh d'Ahl al-Rif (the Riffian Army) he re-occupied Tangier from the English who had abandoned it in 1684 and drove the Spanish from Larache in 1689. Water supply and sanitation in Morocco is provided by a wide array of utilities. Trams are wearing face masks in Rabat (Capital of MOROCCO) Es ist Pandemie und alle müssen halt mitmachen, auch die Bahn selbst ? The new operator took over in July 2019 with a commitment to three hundred and fifty new buses. [189], Many efforts are made by countries around the world to address health issues and eradicate disease, Morocco included. Executive power is exercised by the government, while legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament, the Assembly of Representatives and the Assembly of Councillors. The Spanish government has stated that it is holding discussions with the Moroccan government about repatriating the migrant workers via a "humanitarian corridor," but it's unclear how long the process will take.[97]. Livestock are raised and forests yield cork, cabinet wood, and building materials. Sultan Mohammed became king in 1957. Morocco spans an area of 710,850 km 2 (274,460 sq mi) and has a population of over 37 million. [72], Morocco was an authoritarian regime according to the Democracy Index of 2014. This name is short for رِبَاط الفَتْح (ribāṭu l-fatḥ) meaning the ribat of conquest or stronghold of victory—a title the city acquired in 1170, due to its military importance.[8]. The idea is to create a network of players in innovation, including researchers, entrepreneurs, students and academics, to help them develop innovative projects. Tea occupies a very important place in the culture of Morocco and is considered an art form. That makes Morocco a country of contrasts. [98] Morocco has become a major player in African economic affairs,[99] and is the fifth largest economy in Africa by GDP (PPP). [122], In 2012, the Hassan II Academy of Science and Technology identified a number of sectors where Morocco has a comparative advantage and skilled human capital, including mining, fisheries, food chemistry and new technologies. The UN maintains a small observer force in Western Sahara, where a large number of Morocco's troops are stationed. It will be the first time in an African Games to be hosted by Morocco. [15] Morocco spans an area of 710,850 km2 (274,460 sq mi) and has a population of over 37 million. Morocco has a coast by the Atlantic Ocean that reaches past the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean Sea. However, Morocco still has many health issues to improve on. However, the Festival's musicians did not play the Moroccan national anthem, as no one in attendance knew what it was. Since the foundation of the first Moroccan state by Idris I in 788 AD, the country has been ruled by a series of independent dynasties, reaching its zenith in the 11th and 12th centuries under the Almoravid and Almohad dynasties, when it encompassed parts of Iberia as well as part of northwestern Africa. In 1549, the region fell to successive Arab dynasties claiming descent from the Islamic prophet, Muhammad: first the Saadi dynasty who ruled from 1549 to 1659, and then the Alaouite dynasty, who remain in power since the 17th century. Even after the republic's collapse, pirates continued to use the port of Rabat, which led to the shelling of the city by Austria in 1829 after an Austrian ship had been lost to a pirate attack. Pork consumption is forbidden in accordance with Sharia, religious laws of Islam. Yaqub's death initiated a period of decline. [110], Modern infrastructure development, such as ports, airports, and rail links, is a top government priority. Chicken is the most widely eaten meat in Morocco. )[19] The Moroccan dialect of Arabic, referred to as Darija, and French are also widely spoken. The Almohad built the Kutubiyya Mosque in Marrakesh, which accommodated no fewer than 25,000 people, but was also famed for its books, manuscripts, libraries and book shops, which gave it its name; the first book bazaar in history. In the Rif, Middle and High Atlas Mountains, there exist several different types of climates: Mediterranean along the coastal lowlands, giving way to a humid temperate climate at higher elevations with sufficient moisture to allow for the growth of different species of oaks, moss carpets, junipers, and Atlantic fir which is a royal conifer tree endemic to Morocco. Child health, maternal health, and diseases are all components of health and well-being. European and Muslim authorities continued to attempt to control the pirates over many years, but the Republic of Bou Regreg did not collapse until 1818. [140] Some local Christian leaders estimate that there may be as many as 8,000 Christian citizens throughout the country, but many reportedly do not meet regularly due to fear of government surveillance and social persecution. The biggest place for theatre is the Theatre Mohammed V in the centre of the town. Morocco claims ownership of the non-self-governing territory of Western Sahara (formerly known as Spanish Sahara), which it has designated its Southern Provinces. Under the Almohad dynasty Morocco experienced a period of prosperity and brilliance of learning.

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